Post #18

Post #18
Semester Reflection: What did you learn?  What was your favorite and least favorite projects?  Any suggestions for improvement?

I learned different ways of using photoshop, and adobe illustrator. I was able to learn about different terms used in design and type. My favorite project was the Olympic rings project, and my least favorite was the self portrait using adobe illustrator. For improvements, overall it is fine, but maybe go slower when demonstrating new things so people can try to learn and understand better. 

Post #17

Post #17
Identify 5 colleges that offer graphic design (or related) majors.  For each, list the school name, location, graphic majors that are offered and requirements for admission.

NYU- In New York, NY. Major offered is Certificate in design and requirements are completed requisite classes. 

UCLA-It is located in Los Angeles, and offers Design and media arts. It requires UC application, portfolio, and Design media arts supplement application. 

SDSU-This is in San Diego and Majors in graphic design studies. It requires prerequisite classes. 

FIDM-There is one in Los angeles, and has majors such as graphic or computer design. It requires many projects for a student to do to apply. 

CCA-It is in San francisco, it offers different majors including graphic design, and requires pre requisite classes,and an application and portfolio submission. 


Also, answer the following questions in your own words.
What is a portfolio?
Portfolio is a group of work that a person has created to display to a potential employer. 

What is the importance of a portfolio?

The importance of portfolio is the works that are in it to show the set of skills a person has. 

Post #16

How many points are in an inch? How many points are in a pica?

There is 72 points in an inch and 6 points in a pica. 

Of the seven classifications, which classification(s) would best work as body type? Why?
This would be sans serif because it has minimal decorations and is simple and basic. 
Identify the lowercase characters that have ascenders?
This would be b,d,k,t,l,i and many more. 
Identify the lowercase characters that have descenders?

This would be q,p,y.
Classify the following typefaces and briefly explain why you believe it should be classified that way:

This looks almost as if it was old century. It looks somewhat like England style font. 

This looks like serif, it has basic and generic letters and has the normal heights. 

This would possibly be script typeface, because it is almost connected and similar to cursive writing. 

This would probably be modern serif, the letters are simple and are thin.

Post #15

Define typography?

Typography is the way type looks like and its style. 

What is the difference between font and a typeface?

Font is a group of type with different sizes and styles while typeface is specific kind of type.

What is the waist line and what does it indicate? What is a base line and what does it 
indicate?

The waste line is top of the line of lowercase letters. The base line is the bottom of the line for lowercase letters.

What is counter?

Counter is the space in between letters such as o or p.

What is cap height?

Cap height is the highest line or point in a capital letter. 

What is x height?

X height is the height of lowercase letters.

What is an ascender?


Ascender is the lowercase letters heigh that is above the x height. 

What is a descender?

Descender is the lower part of the lowercase letters that extend beyond the baseline. 

Describe a serif?

A serif is the small decorative strokes on each letter of some of the different fonts or type. 

What is leading?

This is the space between the baseline of types. 

What is tracking? 

Tracking is the spaces between each letter and word. 

What is kerning

This is the space between each character and word. 

What is a point? How many points are in an inch? 


A point is the measure of size of each font. 1 inch is usually 72 point.  

What is a pica and how many are in an inch?

PIca is the measure of unit of type size that is equal to the font of 12. There is 1 inch for every 6 picas. 

How many points are in a pica?

There are 12 points in a pica. 

When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?

Blackletter was invented in 1946 and was used in Europe or old textbooks such as in universities. 

Describe the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?

They are tall, narrow letters that do not connect with each other. 

When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?

Old style was invented 1501 and was based on calligraphy. 

Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?

Old style have thick, thin strokes and are more upright stress. 

When were formal scripts developed?

Formal scripts were developed in 17 and 18 century. 

When were casual scripts developed?

They were developed in the 20th Century. 

Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?

They connect and flow together. It is similar to cursive writing. 


When was Modern typefaces developed and why?

This was developed in 1784, they want to make certain words or parts of text more visible. 

Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?

Modern typeface has different thick and thin strokes. They are horizontal stretched and vertical axis. 

How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened? 

It could be found in 5th century B.C. and it was used for greek inscriptions. 

When did they become popular?

It became popular in the 18 Century. 

What does "sans serif" mean?

This means without serif. 

Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?

They have no variation between thick and thin strokes. They do not have stress in round strokes, and does not go above x height. 

When was Slab Serif developed and why?

Slab serif was developed in the early 1800s and was used for advertising. 

Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?

They are large above x height have very little variation in thick and thin strokes. 

Describe Decorative typefaces?

These could be fancy or cute types/fonts used for advertising. 

Post #14

Post #14

Who is Stephen Kroninger?
He is an artist whose collages are displayed in the Museum of Modern Art. He is credited for 
being in the collage renaissance. 

What kind of art/design does he produce?
He produced collages and illustrations, such as children's books. 

In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
He has been featured in Times magazine, The New Yorker, Newsweek, and other publications in different countries. 

Post 2 samples of his art.  Answer the following questions for each piece...
Was this piece published? Where?
What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?
What elements of design were utilized?
This was published in Time, and the principles of design utilized are balanced because there is not much blank space. Elements of designed used were color, lines and space. 















This was published in the New York Times. Principles of design used were the contrast because of of the pale skin and dark hair. The elements of design used were the value and shapes.

Post #13

Post # 13
How can you as the designer use principles of design to help compose a page?
Designers use principles of design to help compose a page by using contrast, repetition, alignment and repetition. 
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
The principles of design are the elements in a design to help make the design more appealing to the audience.  For each of the 4 principles of C.R.A.P., find an example that utilizes the principle within the design. You should have 4 DIFFERENT sample designs. For each, discuss how the particular principle is used.
Contrast- this uses black and white to make words pop out. 

Repetition-having the same design is repeated over again.  

Alignment- In this design, the hearts are placed in a neat and uniformed pattern.

Proximity-Each human person, is aligned together to form a whole picture of a tree, so it shows that they are all united together.

Also, answer the following questions in your own words.

How do you add a layer mask to a particular layer?
You can add a layer mask to a particular layer by using the masking tool in photoshop. 

What two colors are used to create the mask?
Black and white are used to create the mask. 

Describe the process of using a layer mask?
You can use white to unmask or unveil the parts of design and black to cover up the parts not wanted in the design. 

Post #12

Define principles of design?

The principles of design are Balance, Emphasis, Rhythm, Unity, Movement, Variety, Harmony, and Proportion. 

What do the principles of design affect?

The principles of design affect the artwork and how the outcome of it will show in the final product. 

What is the difference between the principles of design and C.R.A.P.? 

The difference between the principles of design and c.r.a.p. is that, principles of designs consists of c.r.a.p, which is contrast, repetition, alignment, and proximity. 

How can contrast help a design? 

Contrast can help a design by providing a focal point or area for the audience to look at in a design.
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?

Having too much of contrast can make the audience confused or unsure of where the main point is. Too little of contrast will not show where the important part of the design is. 
What is the key to working with contrast?.
The key to working with contrast is to have a balance between it so that there is a focal point for audiences. What are some common ways of creating contrast?
Some common ways of creating contrast is having a light and dark area in a design. What is the principle of repetition?
The principle of repetition is repeating type or shapes over and over again. 

Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition?

Ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition is to help make the design come together into one entire picture. 

What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?  

Ways that I can incorporate repetition into my designs is by repeating pictures or designs around main points in a design. What should you avoid when working with repetition? 

When working with repetition, we should avoid repeating too much or else it will take away from the main point of the design. What is the principle of alignment?  
The principle of alignment is that each thing or element on a design is related to each other and the main focal point. What is the principle of proximity?  
The principle of proximity is putting together things on a design closer or further apart from each other. 
What is the principle of proportion?
The principle of proportion is keeping things balanced on a design and the size or scale of each thing on a design. Define symmetrical balance?
Symmetrical balance is where each thing on a design is well balanced and not too many things are cluttered on one side. What is another name for asymmetrical balance? 
Another name for asymmetrical balance is informal balance. Define asymmetrical balance?  
Asymmetrical balance is where things in a design are placed in a non balanced way but the focal point is still balanced and the main point. What is a focal point and how is it created?
Focal point is the main point in a design it draws the audience in on that main part, It is created by making that point stand out the most. How many components of a composition can be a focal point?
3 components of a composition can be a focal point. 
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?
One way emphasis can be created in a design is using contrast to show the   parts that need to be highlighted in a design. 
What is the principle of harmony and how is it different from unity?
Harmony is using different elements to complement each other in a design while unity is making sure that all parts work together as a whole in a design. 
What is the principle of unity?What three ways can unity be obtained?
Unity is making sure the design's elements work together to form a whole and it can be obtained by alignment, contrast and repetition.
What is the principle of variety?
The principle of variety is keeping things in different forms in a design.
What three ways can a designer add variety to a design?
Three ways to add variety is changing colors, alignment and maybe the focal point.